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Street food is food obtainable from a streetside vendor, often from a makeshift or portable stall. While some street foods are regional, many are not, having spread beyond their region of origin. The food and green groceries sold in farmers' markets may also fall into this category, including the food exhibited and sold in gathering fairs, such as agricultural show and state fair. Most street food is both finger and fast food. Food and green groceries are available on the street for a fraction of the cost of a restaurant meal and a supermarket. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, 2.5 billion people eat street food every day.
Concerns of cleanliness and freshness often discourage people from eating street food. Lack of refrigeration is often construed as a lack of cleanliness or hygiene; on the other hand, street food often uses particularly fresh ingredients for this very reason.
Street food is intimately connected with take-out, junk food, snacks, and fast food; it is distinguished by its local flavor and by being purchased on the sidewalk, without entering any building. Both take-out and fast food are often sold from counters inside buildings. Increasingly the line is blurred, as restaurants such as McDonald's begin to offer window counters.
With the increasing pace of globalization and tourism, the safety of street food has become one of the major concerns of public health, and a focus for governments and scientists to raise public awarenesses. FSA hence provides comprehensive guidances of food safety for the vendors, traders and retailors of the street food sector in the United Kingdom. Other effective ways of curbing the safety of street foods are through mystery shopping programs, through training and rewarding programs to market stallers, through regulatory governing and membership management programs, or through technical testing programs.
Africa
South Africa
In South Africa, boerewors and other braai food are available in the street. In townships, ethnic foods are available.
In Cape Town, a popular street food is the Gatsby, a baguette filled with meat (often bologna sausage), salad, cheese and chips. It is said to have originated from a single restaurant, and has become popular throughout Cape Town.
Another popular food is bunny chow. It is a scooped out loaf with curry or atchar inside and with the scooped out bread placed on top. A legend states that Indian golf caddies invented it during apartheid, as they were not allowed to use cutlery. Note that while there may well have been individual cases where such or similarly ridiculous prohibitions were foisted willynilly upon victims of apartheid—thus giving rise to the legend—there is no ordinance or law on record stating anything like it.
Ethiopia
Injera bread is the method of eating several types of street foods. Tibs Wat, a spicy stew is placed on a plate with a folded piece of injera and fried Neeka stalks.
Ghana
Street food in Ghana is mainly based upon local cuisine. Street food is available from travelling pedestrian vendors, street stalls, and ubiquitous "chop bars". Street breakfasts across the country usually consist of omelettes and bread served with tea. Traditional African dishes, such as fufu, kenkey, banku, fried yams, and bushmeat are popular across the country; regional varieties use local foods, such as tilapia in Ashanti Region and fresh seafood along the coastline. African-style Chinese food is very common, consisting of fried rice served with noodles, segments of fried chicken, and often baked beans. Coconuts are a popular street food served from barrows, as are bananas. Kebabs made from beef and pepper are also widely available from travelling vendors.
In the evenings, many street food vendors offer omelettes instead of usual daytime fare. Beverages are rarely sold by food vendors except at breakfast, and the most common street beverages, purchased from separate drinks vendors, are small plastic bags filled with purified water (carbonated drinks in West Africa are only available from permanent shops and not temporary vendors, as the drinks are sold in glass bottles which must be returned to the shop for recycling and refilling). As is the case in many members of the Commonwealth of Nations, Ghanaian law prohibits the sale of alcoholic beverages except within licensed establishments, and as such alcoholic drinks are not sold by street vendors.
Morocco
Typical street food includes: grilled corn on the cob, merguez, and snails.
Nigeria
Chin chin is a popular dish in Nigeria, and west Africa.
Tunisia
Sweet pastries are the most common street food, as well as the ubiquitous tuna baguette.
Asia
Street eaters in those parts also enjoy various jicama salads.
In Malaysia, Singapore, and India, putu mayam, a cold coconut/rice-noodle concoction, is eaten for breakfast or a snack.
China
Getting snacks from food stalls on the street is an ancient practice in China that continues to thrive today, though many vendors now serve their food indoors from hole-in-the-wall establishments. The variety of snack foods available is staggering, and varies from region to region. In Sichuan street cooking, a variety of xiǎochī (Chinese: 小吃 ) such as grilled rice balls and pan-fried noodles are sold. Beijing’s Wangfujing Night Market, a popular tourist destination, is dedicated to street food vendors that feature many of the more unusual items one might purchase, like a large assortment of insects, as well as more typical foods like kebabs. Islamic food, stemming either from the western Uyghurs or the Hui minority, is another form of street food in China, especially thinly cut kebabs cooked over a barbecue pit. Sweets are also sold as street foods in China.
Common Street Foods
Chuanr, a kind of kebab, are a popular item in Northern China, and are recognizable for their enticing scent. They are made with lamb and generously seasoned with cumin, red pepper flakes, and other spices before being roasted. Chuanr are derived from the cuisine of Chinese Muslims, particularly the Uyghurs of the northwestern province of Xinjiang.
In the Northeastern part of the country, bing, or pancakes, are available. Bing are typically made with flour and then fried in oil. They can be served plain or stuffed with meat or seasoned with scallions, and other options. Jian bing, a crepe-like snack, is prepared with an egg cracked onto batter, which together form a base for fillings and sauces. The product is then rolled up for portability, much like a crepe.
Tang hu lu are skewers of fruit, usually Chinese hawthorn, coated by a hardened sugar syrup. Chinese hawthorn is a crab apple-like fruit found on trees. These treats are especially popular in northern China, and can be seen eaten by adults as well as children.
Throughout the country, people looking for a quick meal can turn to the numerous local mian guanr, or noodle houses. These establishments commonly serve noodle soups, though some also serve pan-fried noodles. In Sichuan, these dishes become spicy with the addition of chili oil and peppercorns.
Business
Street vendors are becoming less common as local governments crack down on the practice, citing safety and traffic congestion as problems. Many vendors have also moved towards opening small restaurants, and “street food” is thus now commonly eaten indoors at established locations. The disappearance of traditional neighborhoods, like Beijing’s hutong, has also contributed to the decrease in outdoor food vending.
Hong Kong
In Hong Kong notable foods include skewered beef, curry fish balls, stuffed peppers and mushrooms, and dim sum. Street side food vendors are called gaai bin dong (Chinese: 街邊檔 , literally "street side stalls"). Street food in Hong Kong can grow into a substantial business with the stalls only barely "mobile" in the traditional street food sense (see dai pai dong).
India
The quintessential Indian street food is Chaat—a generic name for a tangy and spicy mix, whose ingredients can be quite varied. The tangy flavor is usually imparted by the use of lemon, pomegranate seeds, Kala Namak (black salt), tamarind, and various chutneys. Chaat can be prepared with fruit, with popular ones including guava, banana, apple, melon, etc. It could instead be made using small crisp pancakes made from fried flour, called "paapri", along with yogurt. Potatoes sauteed with black cumin powder constitute another variant. In Indian cities, street vendors also sell drinks including Lassi (yogurt drink sold plain/salty, sweet, or fruit flavored), Sherbet and Jaljeera. Additionally,
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